Approximately 55 to 75 percent of our body consists of water. Fluid balance becomes negative or dehydration occurs when decline 2-6 percent body water. Dehydration due to decreased water intake, increased spending on water from the body (kidneys and digestive tract), or the transfer of fluids. Clinical manifestations of dehydration is most closely related to the decrease intravascular volume and subsequently can lead to organ failure and death.
"The need of water each person is different, depending on where he lives. She lives in what country, as well as its daily activities, "said Laurent Le Bellego, PhD from the Danone Group of France at the International Congress of Nutrition 19th in Bangkok, Thailand, early October 2009.
According to Le Bellego, the number of water should be drunk every person so there are no different dehydration. In France people are encouraged to drink water with 1,500 milliliters (ml) per day. In Great Britain there are even two agencies issued a different statement. The British Dietic Association recommends drinking water 1500 ml, 2500 ml per day, whereas the British Nutrition Foundation recommends drinking water 1500 ml-2000 ml per day.
"In Mexico people are encouraged to drink 2,000 ml of water per day, in Canada 3000 ml per day, in Australia 2600 ml per day, and in New Zealand 2100 ml per day. World Health Organization (WHO) itself recommends drinking water 1500 ml per day, "said Le Bellego.
The difference is the amount of water depends on the climate, situation, and type of food consumed.
"The way a person's life, how he ate and drank, it is very important. Most people underestimate the amount of water should be drunk every day because of the impact is not immediately apparent. Without them knowing it, they can suffer from dehydration. While dehydration is very dangerous, "he added.
Water does not just relieve thirst, but also serve as solvents, catalysts, lubricants, regulating body temperature, a provider of minerals, and electrolytes to the body.
Impaired brain function
Dehydration can lead to disturbances in brain function, such as concentration and thinking ability. Physically can reduce your stamina and productivity through the disruption of headaches, lethargy, weakness, convulsions, unconscious. In the long-term dehydration can cause urinary tract infections and kidney stones occur.
Prof. Dr. Ridwan Hardinsyah, MS, Dean of the Faculty of Human Ecology IPB, who attended the International Congress of Nutrition The 19 states, the water was actually part and equally important nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. However, this is often forgotten. Lack of water intake can cause physical disorders. School children are less intake of water will decrease cognitive ability and risk of renal impairment in the future.
"Pure water intake to the target volume of 2 liters of urine to prevent recurrence of urinary tract stones. Intake of large volumes of pure water, accompanied not resist the urge to urinate, is one way to prevent urinary tract infections, "said Dr. Dr. Parlindungan Siregar, SpPD KGH Renal Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia / Jakarta Hospital Cipto Mangukusumo .
The results hydration The Indonesian Regional Study (Thirst) in 2008, led by Prof. Hardinsyah exhibited in the International Nutrition Congress in Bangkok. Research in North Jakarta and Lembang, West Java, it uses the total sample of 400 people. Genesis 15-42 percent dehydration. On average 30 percent dehydration. "Three of the 10 samples are dehydrated," said Hardinsyah.
Research in 2009 to take samples of 1,200 people at four locations in Indonesia: DKI Jakarta, West Java, East Java and South Sulawesi, and grouped in two ecological regions, namely lowland (Jakarta, Surabaya and Makassar) and plateau (Lembang, Malang, and Malino).
The sample is adolescent and adult male and female adolescents with the inclusion criteria 15-18 years and adults 25-55 years. The results showed, the number of adolescents who experienced mild dehydration is higher, namely 49.5 percent, compared to 42.5 percent today.
"The main cause of this problem is the lack of knowledge of the subject / sample under study about the function of the body of water, drinking water, drinking water for health benefits, and access to drinking water. Adult subjects had better knowledge than the subject of youth, "he added.
"Prize for Nutrition"
In front of the forum in Bangkok International Congress of Nutrition, the award 7th Danone Danone International Prize for Nutrition to researchers from Belgium, Prof. Johan Auwerx of the Federal Polytechnic School of Lausanne, Switzerland. The award was started to be given in 1997. Year 2005 awarded to Professor David Barker of the University of Southampton, UK, and in 2007 awarded to Prof. Jeffrey Friedman of Rockefeller University, New York, USA.
Prof. Johan Auwerx awarded for discoveries about the mechanisms of nutrient materials which "communicate" with the body's cells in a way similar to the hormones the body, for example by removing body fat. This discovery opens the way for new prevention and therapeutic strategies against obesity and cardiometabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes and hypertension.
Prof. Auwerx said, his research takes time and is expected to be applied for future drug development. Not only drugs, it also gives attention to prevention through nutrition.
When notified, his research won the award and he got a 120,000 euro prize, he plans to continue her studies with the fund.
"The prize will take us on further stages, experiments in vivo (in living things) and I have high hopes for vitamin B3, known benefits to overcome obesity," he said.
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